When it comes to yacht design, performance and cruising capability, one critical measurement often overlooked by newcomers is draught (or draft). This dimension plays a significant role in where a yacht can travel, how it handles in different waters and even how it performs at sea. But what exactly is yacht draught, and why does it matter? BOAT explains...
Understanding yacht draught
In simple terms, the draught of a yacht refers to the vertical distance between the waterline and the lowest point of the vessel’s hull or keel. It indicates how much of the yacht sits below the water, which directly affects navigation, stability and efficiency.
Yachts with a deeper draught have a lower centre of gravity, providing better stability in open waters, making them ideal for offshore cruising or racing. Conversely, yachts with a shallow draught can access more secluded anchorages and shallower waters, such as the Bahamas, the Maldives or the Mediterranean’s hidden coves.
Why is draught important?
Access to cruising grounds
A yacht’s draught dictates where it can go. Shallow-draught yachts can explore coastal areas, sandbanks and lagoons without the risk of running aground. For example, many superyachts designed for the Caribbean have a shallower draught to navigate reef-lined waters safely.
Performance and stability
Draught significantly affects a yacht’s performance. Deeper draughts generally offer better upwind sailing performance and stability in rough conditions, as seen in racing yachts and ocean-crossing vessels. On the other hand, a shallower draught allows for greater manoeuvrability, especially in confined harbours and marinas.
Fuel efficiency
A yacht’s underwater profile influences hydrodynamic efficiency. A well-designed draught ensures smooth water displacement, reducing drag and enhancing fuel efficiency. Superyacht designers and naval architects carefully balance draught considerations with overall hull efficiency to optimise fuel consumption and performance.
Mooring and docking considerations
Port restrictions and marina depths often dictate whether a yacht can berth at certain locations. For instance, some Mediterranean marinas or island harbours may have depth limitations that make it challenging for deep-draught vessels to dock.
Choosing the right draught for your yacht
Owners must consider their cruising preferences when selecting a yacht with the appropriate draught. Those planning extensive offshore passages may prefer deeper draughts for enhanced stability and performance. Meanwhile, yachts designed for island-hopping and accessing exclusive, shallow-water destinations benefit from a reduced draught.
Additionally, advancements in naval architecture have introduced innovative solutions, such as retractable keels and variable-draught designs, allowing yachts to adapt to different cruising environments.
For more expert superyacht tips and essential yachting advice, explore our latest yacht advice guides.